The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille struck two times late to take a shock lead. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the final seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.